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Artificial intelligence

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Artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is the  intelligence  exhibited by machines or software. It is an academic  field of study  which studies the goal of creating intelligence. Major AI researchers and textbooks define this field as "the study and design of intelligent agents", in which an  intelligent agent  is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success.  John McCarthy , who coined the term in 1955, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines". AI research is highly technical and specialized, and is deeply divided into subfields that often fail to communicate with each other. Some of the division is due to social and cultural factors: subfields have grown up around particular institutions and the work of individual researchers. AI research is also divided by several technical issues. Some subfields focus on the solution of spec...

Research Methodlogy

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methodology Methodology  is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of knowledge. Typically, it encompasses concepts such as paradigm, theoretical model, phases and quantitative or qualitative techniques. A methodology does not set out to provide solutions - it is, therefore, not the same as a method. Instead, a methodology offers the theoretical underpinning for understanding which method, set of methods, or so-called “best practices” can be applied to specific case, for example, to calculating a specific result. It has been defined also as follows: "the  analysis  of the principles of methods, rules, and postulates employed by a discipline" "the systematic study of methods that are, can be, or have been applied within a discipline"; "the study or descrip...